Friday, December 27, 2019

Term Paper About Religion and Democracy

A legitimate government is crucial to the prosperity of a country and its people. A government that is acceptable to everybody is a product of a democratic process. Democracy is a system of governance where electing and replacing of an incumbent government is done through free and fair elections, (Adams Henry, 2008:2-5.)In a democratic system the government and the citizenry enters a social contract. The government is given the mandate by the electorate, to implement the social contract for the fixed period of time, failure to which it is kicked out through an election. Besides elections a democratic system displays the following features: Recurrent free and fair elections,   Ã‚  Human rights are respected, political party pluralism exists, and above all civil society is tolerated (Ibid: 15-17). It is impossible for the state to remain religious at the same time democratic. In every jurisdiction there are always people of different religious orientation. They may be affiliated to d ominant or minority religions, therefore it is prudent for every state to remain secular in order to uphold the rights of every religion. Depending on the location of the state there’s always a dominant religion and minority religion. A dichotomy between governance and religion   should be there, to avoid the Un- necessary conflicts that arise due to different ideologies of different religions, (Anderson, John ,2006:78-85).In a secular state religion play a very instrumental role in nurturing democracy, by giving direction to the government where it has faulted. The cause of the reformation of the church in 1450-1550 A.D was due to intolerance of individual views and liberties. The modern religions have not transformed either, they are still conservative by opposing new ideas . The principle of liberalism is a key facet of a democratic state; therefore any state that claims to be democratic must uphold this principle. It becomes difficult for such a state to uphold the same principle if it maintains the duality of religion and democracy because most of religions, do not allow people to behave as they wish as long as they don’t enfranchise on the rights of others. The Duality Of Democracy And Religion In Middle East The Middle East comprises countries like Iraq, Iran Saud Arabia and many others. My discussion will be limited to Iran by examining the implications or possibility of maintaining this double characteristic. In situations where extreme fundamental principles of a religion like Islam are the basis of governance, it is difficult to nurture the spirit of democracy. Sharia law is very intricate hence difficult for liberal ideas of a modern government to penetrate. Majority of the states in Middle East are governed by extreme Islamic fundamentalism which is opposed to western liberal ideas, (Sayed ,Khatab 2007:107-112 )The system of governance in Iran   is based on extreme Islamic fundamentalism where the Koran is the only document recognised when interpreting social political and economic issues. It is illegal to refer to any other book or document. Iran like many other states it is a republic but it is a special republic, where the highest office is that of a supreme leader. The second most powerful office to the supreme leader is the presidency. The qualification of the supreme leader is that he must have had intense training in Islamic law and must be someone of justice. The supreme leader is the appointing authority of the powerful offices like the commander of the armed forces, director of communication, and the chief judges who decides the bills that becomes the law and determines who runs for presidency and parliament. What the supreme leader pronounces becomes the law because according to the Koran the Muslims are not supposed to challenge what their leader says, (ibid: 123-125). Implications of Religion to Democracy in Iran Historically the supreme leaders have, evaded elections yet they are vested with appointing authority. Therefore his leadership is not legitimate because people are not given the opportunity to elect an individual whom they want. Therefore there’s, a tendency of a supreme leader to impose his leadership to be accepted. In a democratic state, the culture of regular and free elections of the parliamentarians, and the executive is practised. Although regular elections has been conducted in Iran, it has not been free and fair because the supreme leader, single headedly appoints the high court judges who decides who to run for presidency or parliament therefore the outcome of the elections can easily be predetermined by the supreme leader. Besides exclusive power to appointment the supreme leader has got no proper checks and measures because his word is law and must be respected by the parliament. Therefore the supreme leader can misinterpret the law to favour his personal interests. In a country like Iran where the Koran is the basis of the society there’s a threat of discrimination. The Koran discriminates against women and the minority religions. The rights of people who subscribe to minority religions are always abused they intimidated and denied freedom of expression. (Charles   ,E 2001:200-205 ) In order to successfully to incorporate the aspect of religion in democracy the Islamic region must be modified in away to suit democracy. Islamic subgroups like Islamic brotherhood which incorporates secularism in Islamic culture, is friendly to democracy hence should be encouraged. Work cited Anderson, John Religion Democracy and democratisation Rutledge (2006) Sayed, Khatab Democracy in Islam   Rutledge (2007) Charles, E   Between the state and Islam Cambridge university press(2001) Adams, Henry Democracy :An American Novel Cosmo (2008)

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Revolution The Cause Of The American Revolution

The American Revolution was the turning point for the colonies that made up the United States today. It was the war that freed the colonists from British control. But what actually caused the American Revolution? Well, there’s no simple answer to that question. In fact, most of the causes acted as if they were dominoes. These events can be categorized in four periods of time or setting. These groups are, Salutary neglect, Mercantilism, Boston, and Unity of protests. Salutary neglect was the idea for the British to let the colonies prosper without any restricting control on the colonists. Mercantilism was the idea that the colonies were there to financially help the British who were in debt from a previous war with the French. The city of†¦show more content†¦The British had many different motives behind this law. One of the motives was to avoid conflicts between the Native Americans and Colonists, the British even declared the Proclamation Line of 1763 was â€Å"re spect for Indian rights†- (Pole 2). However, the British were more concerned with saving money by avoiding unnecessary conflicts, more than the rights of the Native Americans. Another motive for the Proclamation Line of 1763 was to prevent Colonists from moving west into the country because it was easier for the British to control the Colonies if all of the Colonists were settled on the East Coast. Financially and Geographically, the Proclamation Line of 1763 made sense for the British, however, the Colonists were very offended by this law. (Kelly 2). This was the first time the Colonists were outraged by a restrictive law. Unfortunately for the Colonists, it would be far from the last time. The concept of Mercantilism is when a mother country uses their colonies for financial or any other type of support. This ideal was hated by the Colonists and before the enormous debt obtained by the British, it became the â€Å"..British idea of how a colony should be governed†- ( Wright 80). The British decided to put more restrictive laws on the colonies, the first four enacted were the Sugar Act, the Currency Act, the Quartering Act, and the Stamp Act. The Sugar Act was a raised tax on sugar imported from the West Indies. (Kelly 2). This was the first attempt byShow MoreRelatedCauses Of The American Revolution1202 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history many revolutions took place, ranging from the unremarkable to a truly memorable, as the French revolution, the American Revolution, and the Bolshevik Revolution, but American revolution took place in 1775-1783. The revolution was different from other revolution because of growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government because American revolution was not like the others. 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The colonists, as many historians put it, were like children rebelling against the motherland; however, they had many valid reasons for this revolt, including their desire for freedom and independence. My World History textbook says freedom was falsely promised when the colonists had settled (Krull 868). The more direct causes of this widely known rebellion include taxesRead MoreCaus es Of The American Revolution1344 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Revolution The causes of the American Revolution go back to the beginning of salutary neglect and the French and Indian War, as well as changes in the thinking of society. The effects of these events and other factors led to pressure within the colonies, ultimately resulting in rebellion. There were five factors to the nature of the American Revolution: The Environment, The Enlightenment, Self-Government, Economic Independence and Colonial Unity. The first factor that led to the AmericanRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution813 Words   |  4 PagesCauses Before the American Revolution, any imports from England from us had to come in ships owned by the British. Also, we could only sell tobacco and sugar to England. The British took French territory in Canada, east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish Florida which led to the American Revolution. Due to the war, Britain went in debt so, the British government placed taxes on goods so they could make more money. But that’s not all that led to the American Revolution, both the us and the FrenchRead MoreThe Causes Of The American Revolution4319 Words   |  18 PagesThe American Revolution was a conflict between Great Britain and its colonies. During the middle of the third quarter of the eighteenth century, Britain was the greatest of the European powers. The British would leave their American colonies alone in the early 1760s. It was a policy of salutary neglect. The colonists became differentiated from the people of England and created their own government because of salutary neglect. The French and Indian War (the Seven Year’s War) changed everythingRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe American revolution was a period in time when tensions began to rise between the people of Great Britain s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government. It took the colonists nearly a decade before they had had enough of the british. The British had tried to increase taxes. With the taxes increasing it caused the colonists to become very upset with the British. Causing them to meet the Britishes taxing by a heated protest about wanting the same rights as other British citizens. It

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Effective Planning Strategic Management

Question: Discuss about the Effective Planning for Strategic Management. Answer: Introduction Strategic management includes an effective planning, the execution of it and the ultimate process of monitoring the constant improvements and progress of a particular organisation. Volkswagen, a renowned company of automobile manufacturing industry has made it positive step in Malaysia in last decade. The management of Volkswagen encountered serious challenges from its competitor companies like Honda, Audi and Toyota at initial stage. However, the expert engaged in this company help to combat certain issues with effective strategy and Volkswagen enjoys minimum 64% market share in the automobile industry of Malaysia (Volkswagen.com.my 2016). Although Volkswagen is German company, however, the management has decided to open factories in Malaysia and other region of South-east Asia only because of business expansion. Mission, vision and objective statements The fundamental mission Volkswagen is to offer safe, eco-friendly and attractive vehicles that can compete with other existing companies in the automobile industry of Malaysia. The vision of Volkswagen is to hold the position of innovative automobile manufacturer, which is capable enough to offer best quality. Another important vision of this company is to power the regenerative electricity for the electric motors that are used by existing vehicles (Kumaraswamy et al. 2012). The objective statement of Volkswagen is to ensure the constant profitable growth and to expand the product and brand portfolio for future success of the company. The mission, vision and objective statements help Volkswagen to decide the future strategies. Environmental analysis PESTEL analysis is appropriate to understand the environment and the major drivers of changing the environment of automobile industry in Malaysia. Political New regulations of Malaysian government have direct impact on the business process of Volkswagen. Instability of the Malaysian government also influences the company. Economical The predictions of GDP forecast suggest 17% rapid growth in this continuing year (Pauwels et al. 2012). The unemployment rate of Malaysia affects the business of Volkswagen. Interest rates for importing cars are increasing day by day and it influences the strategy of Volkswagen. Inflation rate has grown from 12% to 14.7% since few months. The sudden increment of fuel price also affects the business of Volkswagen. Social The purchasing capacity of the inhabitants of Malaysia has been enhanced. Customer loyalty towards the innovative product of Volkswagen helps to develop the strategy for capturing better position in the automobile industry of Malaysia (Lasserre 2012). The constant growing population of Malaysia also has a huge impact on the business of Volkswagen. Technological Although the management of Volkswagen has incorporated effective technologies in the manufactured vehicles, still this particular company lacks behind from the other competitor companies. Environmental Volkswagen has revealed a serious level of concern for the various environmental issues that are rapidly growing in Malaysia. The higher officials of Volkswagen are committed to manufacture environment friendly and safe vehicles for the customers (Wieland and Marcus Wallenburg 2012). Legal Government protection helps Volkswagen to continue its business in Malaysia in effective and adequate manner. The revised new tariffs can influence the manufactured products of Volkswagen. Table 1: PESTEL analysis (Source: Ritala 2012) PESTEL analysis is an effective and useful business tool to understand in critical manner the basic potentiality of specific business. The results of PESTEL analysis can help the management of Volkswagen to collect benefits and make strategies accordingly. The concerned expert of Volkswagen can monitor, evaluate and assess each factor, which is very much significant for curving out success in future for this particular company. Capability analysis According to Ferrell and Hartline (2012) capability analysis in the context of the value chain includes the way of prosper and survival in a particular industry. Value chain analysis of Volkswagen suggests that this company is potential enough to meet the two key criteria of any organisation, such as to satisfy the customers and survive the competition. In Malaysian automobile manufacturing industry is very much competitive for Volkswagen because of the presence of Honda, Audi and Toyota. The value chain analysis involves the entire competitive advantages, which are derived from the basic differences in between the cost to make customer value and the core value it offers to the customers. In order to detect every assigned activity in a proper systematic manner, value chain analysis will be apt for generating the ultimate advantages in differentiation and costs. Lee (2013) has mentioned that these aspects play an important role in todays competitive business world. Therefore, the value chain analysis will not only concentrate on low costs, however, tries to provide developed vehicles in terms of design, quality, technology and innovation. The manufactured vehicles of Volkswagen have great attributes, which can perform as unique value to the customers in order to appreciate the willingness of payment with premium price. Value chain is appropriate capability analysis as it provides an established set of calculation to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of an organisation, which is capable enough to satisfy various requirements. The controlled chart of Volkswagen has reflected the fact that this company holds at least 39% market share in the automobile manufacturing in dustry of Malaysia (refer to Appendix 1). The vehicles of Volkswagen are essential rather than some effective steps within the value chain process. The value chain analysis of Volkswagen includes the internal cost analysis, internal differentiation evaluation and the monitoring procedures of vehicle linkage. This kind of analysis is not so much exclusive in collaborative manner (Kapferer 2012). However, it clearly determines the area of concentration in internal operations level in order to consider the competitive situation in the concerned industry. For identifying the value-creating way, Volkswagen de-emphasizes the core functional structure. Proposed strategy Strengths Weaknesses The major strength of Volkswagen is its global presence. Volkswagen enjoys a string and matured brand portfolio. Volkswagen has a strong existence in Malaysia. The ultimate performance of this company is gradually increasing (Ramamurti 2012). The primary weakness of Volkswagen is its not manufacturing passenger vehicles. The manufactured vehicles of Volkswagen are not environment friendly. Opportunities Threats The great opportunity of Volkswagen is its positive attitude towards manufacturing green vehicles in order to save the environment of Malaysia from pollution. The basic growth by acquisition is another potential opportunities of Volkswagen. Completely new standards of emission are an effective threat of Volkswagen in the automobile manufacturing industry of Malaysia. The constant increments in the prices of raw materials are significant threat for Volkswagen. The competitor companies manufacture more technologically advanced cars than Volkswagen. Table 2: SWOT analysis (Source: Loureiro et al. 2012) From the abovementioned SWOT analysis, the management of Volkswagens is able to understand the existing strengths and weaknesses of the company that can be improved. However, from the detected possible threats and opportunities, Volkswagen should incorporate new strategies to combat with these issues. Volkswagen has adopted effective strategies, such as battery technology strategy for promoting the autonomous and digitisation driving process (Volkswagen.com.my 2016). In order to combine the strengths and weaknesses (SW), opportunities and threats (OT) of Volkswagen, TOWS matrix would be perfect. Opportunities Threats The changing preferences of customers are the great opportunity for Volkswagen. Malaysian government support this company. The market of automobile industry is rapidly growing in Malaysia. Constant increment of costs and maintenance of manufactured products. New laws regarding labour are potential threat for Volkswagen. The automobile manufacturing market in Malaysia is unknown for Volkswagen (David and David 2016). Strengths Weaknesses The durability, reliability and the quality of the cars of Volkswagen is major strength. The management philosophy is very much strong. Worker productivity is increasing is gradual manner. Volkswagen lacks the capital for business expansion. Volkswagen fails to retain its specialised workers in the competitive automobile market in Malaysia. Table 3: TOWS matrix (Source: Chesbrough et al. 2014) After analysing and evaluating the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats, the management of Volkswagen has adopted few effective strategies such as Together- strategy 2025. This particular strategy focuses on changing the basic business after tapping effective new revenue streams. As opined by Hill et al. (2014) the adopted strategies are taken with proper following of Porters generic strategies, which clearly suggests the competition level of business in a particular market. Porters generic strategies involve the significant sources of competitive advantage, which involves cost leadership, focus, differentiation leadership and focus. Volkswagen even develops the strategies to make positive decision power as shareholders. These proposed strategies should counterbalance the core flaws in between the reduction cost and flexibility. Strategy evaluation In order to evaluate the adopted strategies of Volkswagen SAF evaluation would be perfect for proposed strategies. Suitability Both the proposed strategies are potential enough to address the major opportunities and threats encountered by Volkswagen. Acceptability The proposed strategies fail to meet the expectation of stakeholders. However, the level of risks after incorporating these strategies is high within the organisation. There is a very low possibility of acceptance of stakeholders of these strategies. After adopting the proposed strategies, Volkswagen can expect its adequate sales revenue from the automobile industry of Malaysia. Feasibility The proposed strategy is very much applicable to make it in practice. The proposed strategies require more than finance budget than the discussion in general meeting of Volkswagen. The expert professionals are needed in order to incorporate the above-mentioned strategies. Table 4: SAF evaluation (Source: Chesbrough et al. 2014) Conclusion Volkswagen is famous automobile manufacturing company in Malaysia. However, in present times, this company faces serious level of competition from its competitor companies like Audi, Honda and Toyota. Therefore, the higher management of Volkswagen has decided to make some effective strategies in order to solve the issues regarding the competitiveness of automobile industry. Although the expert professionals of Volkswagen have proposed adequate strategies in order to capture at least 67% automobile market by the end of this present year, still there are some recommendations that can help Volkswagen to develop its current position and enjoy the highest position in the automobile manufacturing industry of Malaysia. Recommendations: 1. Volkswagen should incorporate completely new innovative equipments for the manufactured vehicles. 2. Volkswagen should share modules in between segments and VW brands. 3. This company should offer new range of vehicles in Malaysian market. 4. Volkswagen should focus on manufacturing more technologically advanced vehicles rather than its competitor companies like Toyota, Honda and Audi. 5. Volkswagen should create new way of more earning of sales revenue after the end of the annual year. References Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W. and West, J. eds., 2014.New frontiers in open innovation. OUP Oxford. David, F. and David, F.R., 2016. Strategic Management: A Competitive Advantage Approach, Concepts and Cases. Ferrell, O.C. and Hartline, M., 2012.Marketing strategy, text and cases. Nelson Education. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Kapferer, J.N., 2012.The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Kumaraswamy, A., Mudambi, R., Saranga, H. and Tripathy, A., 2012. Catch-up strategies in the Indian auto components industry: Domestic firms responses to market liberalization.Journal of International Business Studies,43(4), pp.368-395. Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan. Lee, K.H., 2013. Integrating carbon footprint into supply chain management: the case of Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) in the automobile industry.Journal of Cleaner Production,19(11), pp.1216-1223. Loureiro, S.M., Sardinha, I.M.D. and Reijnders, L., 2012. The effect of corporate social responsibility on consumer satisfaction and perceived value: the case of the automobile industry sector in Portugal.Journal of cleaner production,37, pp.172-178. Pauwels, K., Silva-Risso, J., Srinivasan, S. and Hanssens, D.M., 2014. New products, sales promotions, and firm value: The case of the automobile industry.Journal of marketing,68(4), pp.142-156. Ramamurti, R., 2012. What is really different about emerging market multinationals?.Global Strategy Journal,2(1), pp.41-47. Ritala, P., 2012. Coopetition strategywhen is it successful? Empirical evidence on innovation and market performance.British Journal of Management,23(3), pp.307-324. Volkswagen.com.my (2016) News Available at https://www.volkswagen.com.my/en/tools/navigation/meta/news.html [Accessed on Aug 10, 2016] Wieland, A. and Marcus Wallenburg, C., 2012. Dealing with supply chain risks: Linking risk management practices and strategies to performance.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,42(10), pp.887-905.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

How To Write A Persuasive Essay Essay Example

How To Write A Persuasive Essay Paper A persuasive essay is a type of paper that helps the writer assure his audience about some idea. The writer takes one defensible position and makes the reader believe him. This is the common task in the school or college classes. You may also need to write a persuasive paper to convince your boss or colleagues to believe in something. In any situation, you should know how to write persuasive essay successfully and sound confident. Some useful tips for writing your essay persuasively Do some research; before you intend to persuade the audience, become self-confident in your ideas; surely, you need to do some preparation for writing. Dont be in a hurry; you should spend enough time to write your essay successfully; research to find all information you need to know. Study your audience; it is extremely important to decide before writing what readers you are going to appeal to. You aim to convince them, thus you should identify which facts and statements will be persuasive for your audience. It is impossible to assure all the people; you should focus on the specific group. For example, before writing about the utility of high education, decide whether you are appealing to the young people, their parents or even their teachers. Choose a defensible position; not surprisingly, the topic youve chosen may have different sides and questions inside. State only those arguments that you can prove. Your task is to take a strong position and expand only one stated opinion in your essay. Let your readers understand your stance and dont confuse them by touching contrary views. Present your thesis statements; as we mentioned above, your audience should realize your point of view concerning the topic. For that reason, you are supposed to state the thesis at the beginning of your essay. It should be written in the understandable language and give the reader a clear picture what you are arguing about. Share your testimony; think what pieces of evidence created your opinion and presented these proofs to your audience. Generate your ideas and try to show them in the most beneficial way; be accurate and unshakable. Write your paper consecutively, logically and smoothly; you aim to make people think you are specialist that is completely aware of his topic. Some more hints Give facts to prove your opinion; do not rely only on your own opinion; your thoughts are interesting for the reader, but giving facts, you make him believe in your irrefutability. Try to be objective and present real facts and events that will help prove your view. Use the reliable sources that will let you choose the appropriate information for your paper. Is it clear how to write the persuasive essay? Use the persuasion techniques; persuasion is a kind of craft you should learn. There are various useful skills and knacks that will help you become a successful writer. Among them, we can distinguish repetition, when you keep echoing over what you say several times. Use quotations to help the reader think you are not the only person that sticks to stated opinion. Actually, it will sound like appealing ‘dont stay alone, join us. Use rhetorical devices to sound more convincingly. Use emotional language; psychologists proved, that people are more compliant when someone induces their emotions. They become more complaisant and subconsciously decided to agree. Make them feel sorry for the presenting situation and show how badly it is and how immediately we need to find the solution. Choose the topic that is complicated and interesting for everyone in your audience. Stimulate your audience to act; make your reader sense that they are obliged to do something to improve the situation. Make them think about the problem even after theyve read your paper. Confute the opposite opinions. Operate only with those arguments that are strong enough to stand against the opposite points of view; your evidence should refute the contradicting opinions. Step by step guide for writing How to write the persuasive essay? Like any other type of the composition, the persuasive essay has its definite structure. Build the essay in the following way: the introductory paragraph, the body paragraphs, and the conclusion. 1 The introduction The first paragraph of your paper is called the introduction. It should present the main idea to your readers. The primary task of this part is to capture the readers attention, for that reason you are supposed to present your opinions neatly and interestingly. Begin your writing with a general idea and smoothly narrow to the specific ones; state your thesis statements at the end of the introduction and place them only in one sentence. Dont give any wider information; youll give it in the body paragraphs; just make the reader interested in your paper. 2 The main body We will write a custom essay sample on How To Write A Persuasive Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How To Write A Persuasive Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How To Write A Persuasive Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The body of the essay usually consists of three paragraphs. Each of them goes with a specific subtopic stated in the beginning sentence; body paragraph should broaden the thesis statement presented in the introduction. You state your argument and prove them with evidence; it is extremely important to support the thesis. You must have a testimony for every mentioned opinion or else; you wouldnt sound effective. Mind your evidence; they should be understandable and reliable. To sound more cogent, create an imaginary opponent who gives you his arguments and reply him with your counterarguments. Each paragraph should offer some facts and information the reader needs to receive; be careful to put only one idea in the sentence. Fill the last sentence of your paragraphs with the conclusion and smooth transfer to the next one. Try to structure your ideas like a building, decide which of the arguments would be better represented in each part. 3 The conclusion The conclusion is the part where you summarize your ideas, by restating the thesis and show how your evidence proved your arguments. Be careful not only restate the thesis but present how you proved them; leave the reader making him think about the problem and stimulate him to take some actions. Finish by editing Dont forget to read your persuasive essay once more after having written it. Check your spelling, grammar, and fluency; think carefully whether you achieved your goals in writing. Make certain you sound absolutely persuasive to convince the reader to believe in your opinion. Check if you have enough transition words to connect your ideas. You may ask someone to look through your paper and give his notes, to help you improve the essay. Now you know how to write the persuasive essay.